Taw qhia rau cov khoom siv fais fab
Ships must be equipped with a complete set of power plants and auxiliary equipment that meet the requirements of the regulations before they can sail on the water. These power plants include the ship's main power plant, auxiliary power plant, steam boiler, refrigeration and air-conditioning equipment, compressed air equipment, marine pumps and Piping systems, water generation devices, automation systems, etc. These electromechanical power equipment are mainly concentrated in the engine room, and the technical department that specializes in managing these equipment is the engineering department.
Main zog unit
Lub zog tseem ceeb ntawm lub nkoj tseem hu ua" lub cav loj". Nws yog lub plawv ntawm lub nkoj thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm lub nkoj' cov khoom siv fais fab. Nws feem ntau suav nrog:
(1) Ship main engine Lub npe nrov rau lub cav uas tuaj yeem tsim lub zog propulsion ntawm lub nkoj, suav nrog ntau lub twj tso kua mis, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab cov kav dej uas ua haujlwm rau lub cav loj. Lub ntsiab cav ntawm lub nkoj tub lag luam feem ntau yog marine diesel xyaw, ua raws li chav turbines.
(2) shafting thiab kiv cua
Ntawm cov nkoj nkoj, cov kiv cua yog cov siv dav tshaj plaws, thiab feem ntau ntawm lawv siv cov suab nrov lossis kho suab nrov; nkoj shafting yog ib qho cuab yeej uas xa lub zog los ntawm lub cav loj mus rau lub kiv cua. Lub cav tseem ceeb ntawm lub nkoj tsav lub kiv cua kom tig los ntawm cov khoom sib kis thiab shafting. Thrust, kov yeej qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm lub nkoj kom lub nkoj txav mus rau pem hauv ntej lossis rov qab.
(3) Kev xa tawm
Cov khoom siv uas xa lub zog ntawm lub cav tseem ceeb mus rau lub kiv cua, ntxiv rau kev xa tawm lub zog, kuj tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev txo qis thiab damping. Lub nkoj tseem tuaj yeem siv cov khoom siv sib kis los hloov cov kev taw qhia ntawm kev sib hloov ntawm lub kiv cua. Cov khoom siv kis tau tus mob sib txawv me ntsis vim yog hom lub cav loj. Feem ntau hais lus, nws yog tsim los ntawm reducer, clutch, coupling, coupling, thrust bearing thiab nkoj ncej.
Ship auxiliary power unit, tseem hu ua" auxiliary engine", hais txog lub tshuab hluav taws xob ntawm lub nkoj, uas muab hluav taws xob rau lub nkoj hauv ib txwm muaj thiab xwm txheej ceev. Lub nkoj' lub chaw nres tsheb fais fab yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob xws li lub tshuab hluav taws xob thiab lub tshuab hluav taws xob.
(1) Generator teeb
Lub zog tsav tsheb feem ntau yog muab los ntawm cov cav diesel. Raws li kev xav txog kev nyab xeeb ntawm lub nkoj thiab kev ntseeg siab thiab kev saib xyuas yooj yim thiab kev tswj xyuas, cov nkoj loj tau nruab nrog tsis pub tsawg dua ob lub tshuab hluav taws xob ntawm tib hom. Lub nkoj tuaj yeem siv lub zog tsav ntawm lub cav tseem ceeb los tsav lub tshuab hluav taws xob los tsim hluav taws xob (shaft generator) lossis siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob pov tseg ntawm cov pa hluav taws xob tseem ceeb los ua kom muaj zog qis los tsav cov chav turbine generator teeb los tsim hluav taws xob, thiab lwm yam. .
(2) Switchboard
Nws nqa tawm hluav taws xob faib hluav taws xob, tswj, kev sib kis, kev hloov hluav taws xob, thiab kev hloov pauv tam sim no los xyuas kom meej cov kev xav tau ntawm ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob tsav tsheb thiab lub neej, teeb pom kev zoo, teeb liab thiab kev sib txuas lus ntawm tag nrho lub nkoj.
Nkoj nrog cov cav tov diesel raws li lub cav tseem ceeb yuav tsum tau nruab nrog cov chav boilers, uas yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv roj hluav taws xob boilers thiab cov pa roj boilers, nrog rau cov kav dej thiab cov cuab yeej txhawb nqa. Cov roj hluav taws xob hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau muab qee qhov kev pabcuam hauv lub nkoj, xws li cov roj cua kub thiab cov roj lubricating, cua sov, dej hauv tsev, chav ua noj, dej kub npau npau, thiab lwm yam, thiab ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm chav ua haujlwm rau qee lub cav auxiliary. Txhawm rau kom txuag tau lub zog, cov pa roj boiler thaum caij nkoj siv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob pov tseg los ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob diesel los ua kom muaj zog, thiab tsuas yog siv cov cuab yeej pabcuam thaum nres tsheb. Roj boiler.
Cov khoom siv tub yees thiab cua txias
Cov nkoj tau nruab nrog cov tub yees siv rau lub tub yees thauj khoom thauj khoom, tso rau hauv tub yees rau qee yam khoom noj, thiab txhim kho kev nyob thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov neeg caij tsheb. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv cua txias yog los tswj cov huab cua uas haum rau tib neeg' kev ua haujlwm thiab lub neej nyob rau hauv lub tsev, uas suav nrog cua txias rau lub caij ntuj sov, Dehumidification, cua sov, humidification nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, thiab cua nyob rau hauv txhua lub caij. Nws cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb suav nrog cov tub yees compressors, evaporators, condensers, cua txias thiab lawv cov khoom siv automation tswj.
Compressed cua tshuab
Feem ntau, lub nkoj tau nruab nrog ntau lub tshuab cua compressors thiab ntau lub tshuab cua compressed los muab cov cua compressed xav tau los ntawm tag nrho lub nkoj, xws li siv compressed cua los pib lub ntsiab thiab auxiliary diesel xyaw; lub ntsiab cav yog thim rov qab; nws yog cua horn, lawj pneumatic machinery thiab lwm yam khoom Muab cua qhov chaw. Nws cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb suav nrog cua compressor, huab cua cia lub tog raj kheej, kav dej thiab kev nyab xeeb, tswj cov khoom, thiab lwm yam.
Txhawm rau tso dej hiav txwv, dej tshiab, roj roj, roj lubricating thiab lwm yam dej hauv lub nkoj, yuav tsum muaj qee tus lej thiab ntau hom twj. Feem ntau, bilge twj, roj thiab lubricating roj hloov twj tso kua mis, boiler pub dej twj tso kua mis, twj tso kua mis txias, thiab siab Main roj twj thiab dej twj tso kua mis xws li cov dej nqa twj tso kua mis thiab cov twj tso kua mis huv. Txuas nrog cov twj tso kua mis, muaj cov kav dej rau ntau lub hom phiaj ntawm lub nkoj, uas tuaj yeem muab faib ua:
(1) Power system
Cov kav dej rau kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ua haujlwm tas mus li ntawm lub ntsiab thiab cov cav tov. Muaj cov kav dej rau roj, roj lubricating, dej hiav txwv thiab dej tshiab, chav, thiab cua compressed.
(2) Ship system
Cov cuab yeej ua dej
Lub tshuab hluav taws xob dej, tseem hu ua lub tshuab hluav taws xob, yog ib qho cuab yeej uas ua kom sov dej hiav txwv hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev kom tsim tau cov pa, thiab tom qab ntawd condenses cov chav rau hauv dej tshiab.
automated system
With the advancement of science and technology and the wide application on ships, the engine room control system is becoming more and more advanced. The remote control and centralized control of the ship's power unit have greatly improved the working conditions of the crew, increased work efficiency, and reduced maintenance and repair. Workload. The automation system composed of remote control, automatic adjustment, monitoring, alarm and other equipment for the main and auxiliary engines and other mechanical equipment of the engine room is an indispensable part of modern ships.